Phytochemical content and Anti-microbial Activity of Polar solvents leaf extracts of Jatropha gossypifolia L.
Kolapo Solomon Olawale and Tochukwu Kevin Ugwueze
Full Length Research Paper I Published November, 2018
Journal of Medical and Biological Science Research Vol. 4 (4), pp. 101-106.
ABSTRACT
In this study some polar solvents leaf extracts of Jatropha gossypifolia were screened for phytochemicals and tested for their antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion method against five (5) pathogenic organisms of clinical origin; namely, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemical screening of the water, 95% ethanolic and 95% methanolic extracts of the leaves showed that the extracts contained Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponin, Glycosides, Flavonoids and Phenols. Antimicrobial activity studies indicated that aqueous extract inhibited only Salmonella typhi at a concentration of 200mg/ml while ethanolic and methanolic extract inhibited all isolates except Klebsiella pneumoniae. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the leaf extracts ranged between 25-100mg/ml while the Minimum Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentration (MBC/MFC) ranged from 75-150mg/ml. Antibiotic susceptibility test using standard antibiotics indicated multidrug resistance by the test organisms with only Gentamycin, Erythromycin and Ofloxacin eliciting inhibitory activity against the isolates. Hence, leaves of Jatropha gossypifolia contain basic pharmacologic compounds that could be exploited for the treatment of infections and a possible source of antimicrobial agents.
Key words: Jatropha gossypifolia, inhibition, antimicrobial, phytochemicals, polar solvents.
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