In Vitro and In Vivo Models For Screening Free Radical Scavengers From Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Annona squamosa (L.) and Annona muricata (L.) Fruit Pulp Growing in the Coastal Region of Kenya
Chimbevo, M.L., Karanja, S.M., Munyekenye, G.O.,
Essuman, S., Orwa, J.A. and Anjili, C.O.
Full Length Research Paper I Published June, 2018
Journal of Medical and Biological Science Research Vol.
4 (2), pp. 42-56
ABSTRACT
Free radical scavenging activity of four extracts; A. squamosa aqueous extract (ASAE), A. squamosa methanolic extract (ASME), A. muricata aqueous extract (AMAE) and A. muricata methanolic extract (AMME) were evaluated in vitro using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethyl-Benz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), Nitric oxide (NO), superoxide (O2-), hydroxyl (OH-) and in vivo using non-enzymatic (GSH, NO, TBRS, MDA, ROS) and enzymatic (GST, GSHPx, CAT, SOD) antioxidants. The DPPH inhibition ranged 62.41±0.16% to 88.57±1.04%; IC50; 109.46±5.48 µg/mL to 153.96±1.11 µg/mL. The LPO inhibition ranged 55.27±0.34% to 78.20±0.11%, IC50; 433.50±7.12 µg/mL to 475.33±1.50 µg/mL. The NO inhibition ranged 42.38±0.35% to 70.78±0.46%, IC50; 345.67±1.94 µg/mL to 370.00±1.67 µg/mL. The O2- inhibition ranged 47.45±0.33% to 65.19±0.28%, IC50; 155.56±2.62 µg/mL to 310.00±3.33 µg/mL. The OH- inhibition ranged 42.36±0.34% to 76.65±0.33%, IC50 300.00±16.67µg/mL to 316.67±5.09µg/mL (AMAE). Chelating activity ranged 49.60±0.21% to 69.61±0.20%, IC50; 140.67±1.50 µg/mL to 285.00±1.67 µg/mL. Total antioxidant activity ranged 181.36±0.87 µg/g to 201.12±1.02 µg/g while the reducing power ranged 44.28±0.58 mg/g to 62.92±2.50 mg/g. ABTS ranged 50.60±1.10% to 71.61±0.20%, IC50; 275.89±7.49 µg/mL to 315.00±2.0 0 µg/mL. Serum AST, ALT, LDH and CK activity increased indicate hepatic and cardiac damage on vehicle (DMSO) decreasing after administration of extracts. Administration of extracts caused an elevation of non-enzymatic enzymatic antioxidants with a significant change (p< 0.05) in extracts treated compared to control groups.
Key words:
Annonaceae; In vitro and in vivo model; free
radical scavenging activity; BALB/C mice.
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