Biochemical and Histopathological Changes on the Effect of Oral Administration of Methanol Extract of Allium Fistulosum (Leaf and Bulbs) In Liver and Kidney in Thioacetamide-Induced Albino Rats
Sule O.J. and Arhoghro M.E
Full Length Research Paper I Published July, 2016
Journal of Medical and Biological Science Research Vol.
2 (7), pp. 118-126
ABSTRACT
The effect of methanol extract of the whole plant of
Allium fistulosum was assessed for some biochemical and
histological effects in albino rats. 25 male albino rats
were used comprising of 5 groups and 5 rats per group. Rats
in groups 3 and 4 were pretreated and post-treated,
respectively, with methanol extract administered orally at
200 mg/kg body weight for 21consecutive days while group 5
was administered 200 mg/kg vitamin C. Rats in groups 2, 3
and 5 were injected 400 mg/kg body weight of thioacetamide
on the 21st day while group 4 was induced on 1st
day. The Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level increase
significantly in untreated rat group 2 (24.16 ±
1.44) compared to normal control group 1 (20.46 ± 1.37).
However, there was non-significant decrease in ALT levels of
rats pretreated and post-treated with extract of A.
fistulosum (19.80 ± 2.09 and 18.93 ± 0.38),
respectively, compared to the normal control (P<0.05). There
was no significant difference in Aspartate aminotransferase
(AST) levels in the extract treated groups compared to
normal control (group 1). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
concentrations decrease significantly, in extract treated
groups 3 and 4 (43.58 ± 2.79 and 41.14
±1.26), respectively, compared to normal control (45.62
± 2.22) (P<0.05). Urea concentration decrease
significantly in extract post-treated group 4 (13.85 ± 0.46)
compared to normal control (14.50 ± 0.34). However, the
creatinine concentration decrease significantly in extract
pretreated rat group 3 (13.50 ± 3.01) compared to the normal
control (17.57 ± 0.08). Concentration of total
protein also increase significantly, in rat groups 3 and 4
pretreated and post-treated with extract of A. fistulosum
(67.2 ± 0.60 and 73.0 ± 0.17) compared
to group1(58.8 ± 0.60) (P<0.05). There was no
significant difference in the levels of total bilirubin in
the extract treated groups compared to the normal control.
However, total bilirubin level decrease significantly in
extract treated groups compared to the untreated group. Mean
weights of liver of animals in groups 3 and 4 (5.6±2.10
and 5.85±1.28) increase significantly, compared to
normal control group 1 (4.68±1.63). There was no significant
difference in the mean weights of kidney in group 3 and 4
(1.15±0.13 and 1.04±0.33), respectively, compared
to the normal control group1 (1.09±0.7). The result
hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) revealed that administration
of A. fistulosum caused no noticeable defects in the
histopathology of liver and kidney in extract treated groups
compared to the controls.
Key words:
Allium fistulosum,
Creatinine, Total bilirubin and Thioacetamide.
- Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology (JASFT)
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